Journal of Law and Health Studies
Smart University of Medical Sciences

Legal and Tools Innomiinin Tools: Measures and Strategies

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Jalil Maleki 1
Ehsan Lame 2
Farzad chghamirza 3
Najibeh Mirani 4

1 Department of Law, Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University, Central Branch, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Health Law, Smart University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Criminal Law, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran

4 Department of International Law, Islamic Azad University, Sciences and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

10.22034/jlhs.01.01.122
Abstract
Background and Objective: The environment is essential for the survival of human lif; therefore, it must be protected against any possible pollution, misuse, and overexploitation. The main objective of this article is to examine the framework of the legal system and the status of regulations related to environmental law in the world, emphasizing the measures and requirements of commercial and market activities. In a way that can provide a model for both developing and developed countries that are at the beginning of the process of formulating and implementing such regulations.
Methods: This article is based on reviewing international environmental laws and academic literature. A model for better implementation of these laws in Iran has also been presented.
Findings: In today's world, environmental protection is considered a very important issue, and in some countries, it is being effectively pursued through the establishment of laws and regulations. The primary sources of legal protection and protection of the environment include international laws and treaties, including constitutional directives, laws approved by the European Union Parliament, regulations of regulatory organizations,and decisions and judicial decisions.
Conclusion: The legislator should pursue sustainable development by anticipating and implementing taxes on environmental polluters, refusing to renew orrevoke the licenses of destructive industries, and developing and implementing regulations related to environmental protection responsibility. Also, adopting incentive measures such as exemption from government taxes for individuals and companies that somehow contribute to a clean environment can be effective. In the meantime, environmental insurance is being pursued seriously as a policy choice of the European Union in order to ensure the security of industries that are somehow exposed to the risk of environmental pollution. In addition, environmental protection is one of the vital aspects in the field of health law. In order to achieve health as a primary pillar of human rights, human beings need to live in healthy and clean environmental conditions. Therefore, governments are obliged to fulfill their duty to society by formulating laws related to the environment and protecting it.

Keywords

Environmental Protection Responsibility
Requirements of Commercial and market activities
taxes on Environmental polluters
Sustainable Development
Subjects

Article Title Persian

ابزارهای قانونی و اقتصادی در حفاظت از محیط زیست: تدابیر و استراتژی ها

Authors Persian

جلیل مالکی 1
احسان لامع 2
فرزاد چقامیرزا 3
نجیبه میرانی 4
1 گروه حقوق، دانشکده حقوق، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 گروه حقوق سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی هوشمند، تهران، ایران
3 گروه حقوق جزای اسلامی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد اراک، اراک، ایران
4 گروه حقوق بین الملل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
Abstract Persian

زمینه و هدف: محیط زیست برای بقای حیات بشر ضروری است، بنابراین، باید از آن در برابر هرگونه آلودگی احتمالی، سوء استفاده و بهره برداری بی رویه محافظت کرد. هدف اصلی این مقاله، بررسی چهارچوب نظام حقوقی و وضعیت مقررات مرتبط با حقوق محیط زیست در جهان با تاکید بر تدابیر و الزامات فعالیت های تجاری و بازار است. به نحوی که می تواند الگویی برای کشورهای در حال توسعه و توسعه یافته که در آغاز راه تدوین و اجرای چنین مقرراتی هستند، فراهم آورد. 
روش ­ها: این مقاله با بررسی قوانین بین‌المللی حوزه محیط‌زیست و مقالات علمی تهیه شده است. همچنین مدلی برای پیاده سازی بهتر این قوانین در ایران ارائه شده است.
یافته ­ها: در جهان امروز، حفظ محیط زیست به عنوان یک امر بسیار مهم مورد توجه قرار دارد و در بعضی از کشورها این امر از طریق وضع قوانین و مقررات به خوبی پیگیری شده است. منابع اصلی حفظ و صیانت حقوقی از محیط زیست، شامل قوانین و معاهدات بین المللی ازجمله دستورالعمل های قانون اساسی، قوانین مصوب پارلمان اتحادیه اروپا، مقررات سازمان های نظارتی و یا تصمیمات و رای دادگاه ها می باشد.
نتیجه­ گیری: قانونگذار باید با پیش بینی و اجرای مالیات هایی بر آلوده کنندگان محیط زیست، عدم تمدید و یا ابطال مجوز صنایع مخرب و تدوین و اجرا مقررات مربوط به مسئولیت حفاظت محیط-زیست رسیدن به توسعه پایدار را دنبال کند. همچنین، اتخاذ تدابیر تشویقی نظیر معافیت مالیات های دولتی برای افراد و شرکت هایی که به نوعی به محیط زیست پاک کمک می‌کنند، می تواند موثر باشد. در این میان، بیمه محیط زیست به عنوان یک سیاست انتخابی اتحادیه اروپا با جدیت دنبال می شود تا امنیت صنایعی که به نحوی با خطر آلودگی محیط زیست روبرو هستند، تضمین شود. بعلاوه حفاظت از محیط زیست یکی از موضوعات مهم حوزه حقوق سلامت می باشد. ابنای بشر برای رسیدن به سلامتی به عنوان یک رکن اولیه از حقوق بشر، نیازمند زندگی در شرایط زیست محیطی سالم و پاک هستند. بنابراین دولت‌ها موظف هستند با تدوین قوانین مربوط با محیط‌ زیست و حفاظت از آن وظیفه خود نسبت به جامعه را ایفا نمایند.

Keywords Persian

مسئولیت حفاظت محیط‌زیست
الزامات فعالیت‌های تجاری و بازار
مالیات‌های آلوده-کنندگان محیط‌زیست
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Journal of Law and Health Studies
Volume 1, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
September 2025
Pages 122-139

  • Receive Date 08 July 2025
  • Revise Date 01 August 2025
  • Accept Date 10 August 2025
  • Publish Date 15 September 2025

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