Document Type : Review Article
Author
Director of Health Law Department, Smart University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background and Objective: This study builds on the benefits of national and international experiences and their evolution as a new academic discipline. The right to health is one of the aspects of human rights, the realization of which is essential for the realization of other human rights and is inextricably linked to the right to life. Given the complexity and development of the relationship between health and rights at the national and international levels, it is necessary to have an overview of this old branch of law, which is today a new academic discipline. Health rights can be examined from different perspectives: bioethics, public health rights, and health care rights. The first is related to ethics, and the second and third are legal approaches to the subject. The right of individuals to determine their own destiny and the right to health are the main issues in these legal approaches.
Findings: This study was prepared by reviewing books, collections of articles, laws and regulations related to the legal system of policy-making, management, and supervision in the health system, Right to Health, Public Health Law, Healthcare Law, and Bioethics.
Conclusion: The ultimate goal of health rights is to ensure access to all elements of the right to health, including the rights of individuals and populations, especially vulnerable populations. Their legal responsibility is generally at the center of attention in health rights. According to national and international laws, government institutions have a legal responsibility to provide health care, protect health and promote it. These matters include issues related to health care rights, including privacy and confidentiality, legal liability of health care professionals, fraud and financial abuse, as well as food and drug rights, environmental rights, mental health rights and the health rights of vulnerable populations.
Keywords
Main Subjects
Article Title [Persian]
مروری بر حقوق سلامت
Author [Persian]
- شهریار اسلامی تبار
مدیر گروه حقوق سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی هوشمند، تهران، ایران
Abstract [Persian]
زمینه و هدف: این مطالعه در راستای بهرهگیری از تجربیات ملی و بینالمللی و همچنین تکامل آن بهعنوان یک رشته جدید دانشگاهی است. حق بر سلامت یکی از عناوین حقهای بشراست که تحقق آن برای استیفای سایر حقهای بشر ضروری بوده و در پیوندی ناگسستنی با حق حیات قرار دارد. با توجه به پیچیدگی و توسعه رابطه میان سلامت و حقوق در سطوح ملی و بینالمللی، ضروری است مروری بر این شاخه قدیمی حقوق، که امروزه یک رشته جدید دانشگاهی است، داشته باشیم. حقوق سلامت میتواند از دیدگاههای مختلف بررسی شود: اخلاق زیستی، حقوق سلامت عمومی و حقوق مراقبت سلامت. اولی به اخلاقیات مربوط است و دومی و سومی رویکردهای حقوقی موضوع میباشند. حق افراد به منظور تعیین سرنوشت خود و حق برخورداری از سلامت، موضوع اصلی در این رویکردهای حقوقی است.
یافتهها: با بررسی کتب، مجوعه مقالات، قوانین و مقررات مربوط به نظام حقوقی سیاستگذاری، مدیریت و نظارت در نظام سلامت در چهار حوزه حق سلامت، حقوق سلامت عمومی، حقوق مراقبت سلامت و اخلاق زیستی تقسیم شده است.
نتیجهگیری: هدف نهایی حقوق سلامت، دسترسی به تمامی عناصر حق سلامت شامل حق افراد و جمعیتها و بهویژه جمعیتهای آسیبپذیر بوده و مسئولیت قانونی آنها عموما در مرکز توجه حقوق سلامت قرار دارد. طبق قوانین ملی و بینالمللی، نهادهای دولتی دارای مسئولیت قانونی تدارک مراقبتهای سلامت، حفاظت از سلامت و ارتقای آن هستند. این امور شامل موضوعات مربوط به حقوق مراقبت سلامت از جمله حریم خصوصی و محرمانگی، مسئولیت قانونی متخصصان مراقبت سلامت، کلاهبرداری و سوءاستفاده مالی و همینطور حقوق غذا و دارو، حقوق زیست محیطی، حقوق سلامت روان و حقوق سلامت جمعیتهای آسیبپذیر میشوند.
Keywords [Persian]
- حقهای بشری
- اخلاق زیستی
- حق سلامت
- حقوق مراقبت سلامت
- حقوق سلامت عمومی
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